Jurnal Riset Ilmu Teknik

Process Improvement in Newspaper Printing through Lean Six Sigma: Waste Analysis and Defect Reduction Strategies

Haiqal Alif — 2024-05-31

This study examines the implementation of Lean Six Sigma (LSS) in a newspaper production company in Malaysia to identify and analyze sources of waste and product defects. Using the DMAIC (Define–Measure–Analyze–Improve–Control) framework—applied up to the DMAI stages—the research integrates qualitative methods (interviews and observations) with quantitative tools (control charts, Value Stream Mapping, and sigma metrics). The results revealed two dominant waste categories: waiting time and defective products. Value Stream Mapping indicated that only 55.32% of the total lead time contributed to value-added activities, while 44.68% consisted of non-value-added or necessary non-value-added processes. Over one year, the company produced 840,000 copies with 12,000 defective products (1.43%), primarily scattered ink (55%), uneven margins (25%), and ink misregistration (20%). The overall process capability achieved an average DPMO of 4,833 and a sigma level of 4.09, indicating stable yet improvable performance. Root cause analysis highlighted human factors as the most influential source of defects, followed by machine, material, and method-related issues. Improvement strategies focusing on operator training, SOP compliance, preventive maintenance, and stricter supervisory controls. This study contributes theoretically by extending the application of LSS to the printing industry and practically by offering actionable recommendations to enhance production quality and efficiency. Future research should implement these strategies and validate their effectiveness through the Control stage of DMAIC.

Simulation and Analysis of Production Risk Using Fuzzy Computation and FMEA Method in MATLAB

Anna Fiha — 2024-05-31

This study applies the Fuzzy Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (Fuzzy FMEA) method to identify, evaluate, and prioritize potential failures in the rice milling production process at Mas Nun’s facility. A total of 14 failure modes were identified based on primary data collected through direct observation, interviews, and literature review. The traditional Risk Priority Number (RPN) was calculated using severity, occurrence, and detection scores, and then refined through fuzzy logic modeling implemented in MATLAB R2022a using the Mamdani inference method. The results show that machine malfunction represents the highest risk with an RPN of 567 and a Fuzzy Risk Priority Number (FRPN) of 827. Additional high-priority failures include high moisture content in rice, poor grain quality, and inadequate drying processes. The fuzzy approach significantly enhances risk prioritization by handling linguistic uncertainty and producing more nuanced FRPN rankings. The study also integrates the 5W+1H framework to propose structured preventive and corrective actions. These findings underscore the relevance of Fuzzy FMEA in agro-industrial settings, particularly for small and medium enterprises (SMEs), by enabling more accurate risk assessment and improving production quality control.

Route Optimization In Pharmaceutical Distribution Using Savings Matrix And Nearest Neighbor Heuristics: A Simulation-Based Study

Aldi Musliadin — 2024-05-31

Drug distribution is one of the important factors in the pharmaceutical supply chain that directly affects operational costs and the speed of customer service. This study aims to optimize the distribution route at XYZ Pharmaceutical Warehouse, which previously used an inefficient delivery pattern, resulting in additional costs and delivery delays. This research implements the Clarke–Wright Saving Matrix and Nearest Neighbor heuristic methods and performs validation using Arena simulation. The analysis results show that the combination of the two methods can reduce the total distribution distance from 121.35 km to 103.90 km, or a reduction of 14.38%. The Nearest Neighbor method produced routes with shorter distances, while the Saving Matrix was superior in maximizing vehicle capacity. Simulations using Arena reinforced the results by showing potential savings in operational time and variable costs, particularly in fuel consumption and driver working hours. These findings confirm that the application of simple heuristic algorithms is still relevant in the context of pharmaceutical distribution, with significant implications for cost efficiency and productivity. Further research is recommended to integrate specific pharmaceutical constraints, such as time windows and cold chain, as well as metaheuristic approaches for more robust solutions.

Application of Rula and Catia V5 in Designing Ergonomic Tools For Cleaning Staff Performance Improvement

Nugroho Agung — 2024-05-31

Cleaning staff play an important role in maintaining environmental cleanliness, but most still use simple equipment with non-ergonomic working postures. This condition risks causing musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and reducing work productivity. This study aims to design an ergonomically-based tool for collecting trash and leaves that can improve the comfort and efficiency of sanitation workers. The method used is Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) to measure the level of work posture risk, combined with design analysis us-ing CATIA V5 software tailored to user anthropometric data. The results showed that the RULA score before using the tool was at level 5, indicating the need for immediate improvement. After design and simulation, the RULA score decreased to level 2, meaning that the risk of injury was significantly reduced. These findings prove that ergonomically-based tool design can reduce physical workload, minimize the risk of MSDs, and improve the work efficiency of cleaning staff. This research contributes to the development of ergonomic cleaning equipment innovations and can be used as a reference for the design of similar work tools in other sectors.

Performance Analysis of the Cake Ingredients Supply Chain Integration of Scor And Fuzzy AHP

Santi Nurul Azizah — 2024-05-31

In the concept of supply chain, suppliers are one part of supply that is very important and very influential on the growth and sustainability of UMKM themselves, in the production pro- cess UMKM ABC use raw materials where UMKM must have the best suppliers in order to meet consumer satisfaction and not cause problems during the production process. The research conducted aims to determine the indicators that affect the supply chain in UMKM ABC As well as knowing how much supply chain performance value has been achieved by UMKM ABC and also providing proposals for improving performance improvement strategies for UMKM ABC. To solve these problems, supply chain performance measure- ments are carried out using the SCOR (Supply Chain Operation Refer- ence) and F-AHP (Fuzzy Analitycal Hierarcy Process) methods. This method aims to give weight to each matrix, so that performance tribute can be known that supports supply chain effectiveness. There are 12 selected performance indicators with a Supply Chain Management value of 71.20 in the good category